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《心理学探新》[ISSN:1003-5184/CN:36-1228/B]

期数:

 2019年06期

页码:

 563-570

栏目:

 社会与应用心理学

出版日期:

 2019-12-30

文章信息/Info

Title:

 Equal Distribution or Merits-Based Distribution:The Development of School-Aged Children's Resource Distribution and Its Influencing Factors

文章编号:

1003-5184(2019)06-0563-08

作者:

 王笑楠 苏彦捷

 (北京大学心理与认知科学学院,行为与心理健康北京市重点实验室,北京 100871)

Author(s):

 Wang Xiaonan Su Yanjie

 (School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences,Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health,Peking University,Beijing 100871)

关键词:

 分配公平性;  学龄儿童;  情境;  心理理论;  抑制控制

Keywords:

 distributive justice;  school-aged children;  contexts;  theory of mind;  inhibitory control

分类号:

 B848

DOI:

 -

文献标识码:

 A

摘要:

 随着年龄的增长,儿童对不同公平原则的偏好发生变化,资源分配模式相应改变。研究关注当双方贡献不相等时,学龄儿童分配模式的发展及其原因。106名6～12岁儿童在竞争和合作情境下各完成一个游戏,游戏结束后为自己和另一名游戏参与者分配代币。结果发现,儿童在竞争情境中的分配模式没有年龄差异,在合作情境中进行按劳分配的比例随年龄增长而上升,但是整体上在竞争情境中进行按劳分配的比例更高。心理理论能力促进儿童在合作情境中进行平均分配,但是其作用受到抑制控制能力的调节。研究提示了分配模式发展的情境差异及个体能力在其中的作用。

Abstract:

 Children's preference for principle of fairness varies with age,which is accompanied by the change of their distribution pattern accordingly.The current study focused on the distribution pattern of school-aged children for unequal merits,investigating its influencing factors as well.106 children aged 6 to 12 years played two games and allocated 10 tokens between 2 participants after each game.Once in competitive context,and the other in collaborative context.Results showed that,a larger proportion of school-aged children distributed resources based on merits in collaborative context as they grew older,but distribution pattern in competitive context showed no age differences.On the whole,competitive context promoted merits-based distribution.Besides,theory of mind promoted equal distribution in collaborative context,but its effect was moderated by inhibitory control.The current study implies that the development tracks of distribution pattern are distinct in different contexts.Also,individual abilities have an important joint effect on distribution.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

 基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(31872782,31571134)。 通讯作者:苏彦捷,E-mail:yjsu@pku.edu.cn。

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更新日期/Last Update:  2019-12-30